Forex trading

The Cenozoic Era is last of the five major eras of geologic time, beginning about 65 million years ago and extending through the present. It follows the Cretaceous period of the Mesozoic Era and is subdivided into the Tertiary period and the Quaternary period. Features of Tertiary times are considered in articles under the names of the various shorter time periods (epochs) making up the Tertiary period; in order, from earliest to latest, these are the Paleocene, Eocene, Oligocene, Miocene and Pliocene. The accepted scientific view of evolution in the Cenozoic Era shows human beings appearing on the earth about 1,6 million years ago, and human civilization just 10.000 years ago. Yet the scientific finds presented here present a very shocking and different story.

This rendition of a coin-like object, from a well boring near Lawn Ridge, Illinois, was found at a depth of about 114 feet below the surface. According to the information supplied by the Illinois State Geological Survey, the deposits containing the coin are between 200.000 and 400.000 years old. Who left this coin hundreds of thousands of years before civilized men evolved ?

In 1913 professor Hans Reck, of Berlin University, conducted investigations at Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania, then German East Africa. During his stay ot Olduvai Gorge, Reck found a modern human skeleton that remains a source of mystery and controversy to this day. This modern skull is from a fully human skeleton found that year. The human skeletal remains, including this complete skull, were cemented in the rock and had to be chipped with hammers and chisels. It was found in the upper end of a rock bed dated at more than 1.000.000 years old. How did this modern human find his way 1.000.000 yers into the past ?

The Willendorf Venus, from Europe, dated at 30.000 years old. Who created or left this artifact nearly 20.000 years before human civilization appeared ?

In 1896, workers excavating a dry dock in Buenos Aires found a modern human skull. The Pre-Ensenadan stratum in which the Buenos Aires skull was found is at least 1.0 - 1.5 million years old. Even at 1 million years the presence of a fully modern human skull anywhere in the world is highly anomalous. Why and how did a modern human arrive in South America over 1.000.000 yers ahead of its time ?

A small human image, skillfully formed in clay, was found in 1889 at Nampa, Idaho. The figurine came from the 300-foot level of a well boring and dated to be of the Plio-Pleistocene age, about 2 million yers old. G.F. Wright noted "The image is about an inch and a half long; and remarkable for the perfection with which it represents the human form... It was a female figure, and had the lifelike lineaments in the parts which were finished that would do credit to the classic centers of art. Upon showing the object to professor F.W. Putnam he at once directed attention to the character of the incrustations of iron upon the surface as indicative of a relic of considerable antiquity. There were patches of anhydrous red oxide of iron in protected places upon it, such as could not have been formed upon any fraudulent object". Humans had not even evolved on this planet two million years ago. So who created or left this artifact in earth's distant past ?

Late in the summer of 1860, professor Giuseppe Ragazzoni, a geologist and teacher at the Technical Institute of Brescia, traveled to the nearby locale of Castenedolo, about 10 kilometers southeast of Brescia, to gather fossil shells in the Pliocene strata exposed in a pit at the base of a low hill, the Colle de Vento. Here he discovered this remarkable and anatomically modern human skull. The stratum from which it was taken is assigned to the Astian stage of the Pliocene. According to modern authorities, the Astian belongs to the Middle Pliocene, which would give the skull an age of 3-4 million years. Why and how did this modern human visit Italy nearly two million years before human beings walked the planet ?

7. Carved Shell from the Red Crag, England, between 2,0 and 2,5 million years old

In a report delivered to the British Association for the Advancement of Science in 1881, H. Stopes a fellow of the Feological Society, described a shell, the surface of which bore a carving of a crude but unmistakably human face. The carved shell was found in the stratified deposits of the Red Crag. The Red Crag, part of which is called the Walton Crag, is dated to be of Late Pliocene age between 2,0 and 2,5 million years old. This find would place intelligent beings in England as far back as 2,0 million years ago. One should keep in mind that in terms of conventional paleoanthropological opinion, one does not encounter such works of art until the time of fully modern Cro-Magnon man in the Late Pleistocene, about 30.000 years ago. What visitor to Earth's distant past carved and left this shell ?

The April 1862 edition of The Geologist included an English translation of an intriguing report by Maximilien Melleville, the vice president of the Societe Academique of Laon, France. This chalk ball was discovered in an Early Eocene lignite bed. On the basis of its stratigraphic position, it has been assigned a date of 45-55 million years ago. According to Melleville, there was no possibility that the chalk ball was a forgery : "It really is penetrated over four-fifths of its heigh by a black bituminous color that merges toward the top into a yellow circle, and which is evidently due to the contact of the lignite in which it had been for so long time plunged. The upper part, which was in contact with the shell bed, on the contrary has preserved its natural color - the dull white of the chalk.... As to the rock in which it was found, I can affirm that it is perfectly virgin, and presents no trace whatsoever of any ancient exploitation. As extraordinary as it might seem to those attached to standard evolutionary views, the evidence associated in this find suggest that if humans made the ball, they must have been in Europe 45-55 million years ago. Who made and left this man made artifact in our past long before human evolution... even before grazing and carnivorous mammals walked the planet?

In 1877 Mr. J.H. Neale was superintendent of the Montezuma Tunnel Company, and ran the Montezuma tunnel into the gravel underlying the lava of Table Mountain, Tuolumne County... At a distance of between 1400 and 1500 feet from the mouth of the tunnel, or of between 200 and 300 feet beyound the edge of the solid lava, Mr. Neale saw several spear-heads of some dark rock and nearly one foot in length. On exploring further, he himself found a small mortar three or four inches in diameter and of irregular shape. This was discovered within a foot or two of the spear-heads. He then found a large well-formed pestle and near by a large and very regular mortar. All of these relics were found the same afternoon, and were all within a few feet of one another and close to the bed-rock, perhaps within a foot of it. Mr. Neale declares that it is utterly impossible that these relics can have reached the position in which they were found excepting at the time the gravel was deposited, and before the lava cap formed. The position of the artifacts in gravel close to the bed-rock at Tuolumne Table Mountain indicates they were 33-55 million years old. Grazing and carnivorous mammals had not even evolved on the planet at this time. So who brought and left behind these artifacts in California nearly 50 million years ago ?

This sling stone is from the detritus bed beneath the Red Crag at Bramford, England. At least Pliocene in age, the stone is at least 5 million and possibly up to 50 million years old. Upon examination it was obvious that the stone had been shaped by the hand of man... The whole surface has been scraped with a flint in such a way that it is covered with a series of facets running fairly regularly from end to end... The scraping described above covers the whole surface of the object, and penetrates into its irregularities. As it stands the object is entirely artificial... yet left in a time millions of years before humans had even evolved on the Earth.

Over the past two centuries, archaeologists have found bones and artifacts showing that people like ourselves have existed on earth for millions of years. But many scientists have forgotten or ignored these remarkable facts. Why? Primarily because they contradict dominant views about human origins and antiquity. According to these views, humans like ourselves have existed for only about 100,000 years, and before that there were only more primitive human ancestors. This evolutionary paradigm, to which influential groups of scientists are deeply committed, has acted as a “knowledge filter.” And the filtering, intentional or not, has left us with a radically incomplete set of facts for building our ideas about human origins.

Before asking the question, “Where did human beings come from?” we should first ask the question, “What is a human being?” If we start with the assumption that human beings are simply combinations of ordinary matter, that limits our explanatory options. But there are very good reasons for starting with another assumption, namely, that human beings are composed not just of one thing, matter, but of three things, matter, mind, and spirit.

God’s initial earth boy was born to dominate creation and to exercise authority over the planet. God designed His first terrestrial son to be a leader, to take charge, to exert influence. Yahweh didn’t construct Adam to be a passive clod, some indolent handout addict who abnegates his responsibility to other people or institutes; but rather, Adam was to be a bold and imaginative chief. This is the very thing the misandrists hate in men and are trying desperately to curb in your kid, namely, this can-do spirit. Look, according to the scripture, your son is a natural born leader who will naturally want to control. It is only, and I mean only, when boys are cowed by abusive authority, drugged out of their brains or indoctrinated to believe this God-given behavior is bad that they turn into the followers, the veritable sheeples of stupid cultural morays, folding to high pressure peers and ideological BS. With the leader funk removed from their trunk, now the boys become tofu for the man haters. Now they become malleable little spongy play things and are no longer steel-willed competitive leaders. Yes, they become nice, placid cooperators and doormats to fools and foes. God never intended a boy, your boy, to be this.

This is a stone pyramid about 25 cm (10 inches) high. It was found in 1984 in the jungle of Ecuador, and this, tougether with other artifacts, is referred to as La Mana artifact.

The stone is black and white, with 13 levels of bricks engraved into it. There is also a cleverly inlaid eye at the top of the pyramid. The pyramid glows in ultraviolet light. If you think this is interesting, wait until you see what you will find when you turn this pyramid upside down.

The translation of the 5 symbols (the fifth is the I-like scratch to the right of the 5 golden dots), engraved into the base of the pyramid :

The language is so-called Pre-Sanskrit, translated by the german linguist Kurt Schildmann. According to Schildmann, this writing is similar, but older than Sanskrit. Until he saw this and other artifacts, Sanskrit was considered to be the oldest written language. Schildmann named this writing therefore Pre-Sanskrit. There are many other stones with inscriptions in Pre-Sanskrit awaiting translation.

1. The Son/Daughter of my creator moves/comes from outside into... (Orion constellation inlay)

Mauro Biglino is an Italian scholar of history of religions, he published in Italy five books, two of which are focused on the research and re-translation work of the original Hebrew text of the Old Testament of the Bible in a literal way, word by word, from the Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia. The Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia is the first printed edition of the Masoretic text, derived from the Leningrad Codex of 1008 AD, which is the original text of reference of the Bible for the Roman Catholic Church, for the Bible of the Christian Protestant Churches - the King James Version - and for the Torah of the Jewish religion.

Mr. Biglino's books focused on the original Hebrew text of the Old Testament. Prior to writing these two books, Mauro Biglino had worked for ten years for an italian publishing house, Edizioni San Paolo, as a translator of ancient Hebrew from the original Masoretic text of the Bible. Mr. Biglino translated for the publisher 19 books of the Bible from the ancient Hebrew text of the Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia.

The research work of Mauro Biglino is focused on re-translating the original Hebrew text of the Old Testament of the Bible in a literal way, word by word, with an open mind, devoid of any theological dogma or prejudice, following a logical and rational path. The objective of the research is to verify what is truly written in the original Biblical text.

Mauro Biglino has found that in the original Hebrew text of the Bible, in the Book of Genesis, it is written that a group of individuals - called the Elohim - made man with a genetic engineering intervention, by mixing their own DNA with the DNA of primates already present on the Earth. In the Bible there is even a specific word that refers to the DNA, and this Hebrew word is tselem. Mr. Biglino has found that the correct translation of the famous verses of Genesis (1:26) is :

The "Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon", dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and Aramaic, under the term "tselem" writes the following definition: «something cut off». What is that "something" which contains the "image" of someone, that can be "cut off ", that can be extracted? In our modern times, one thing immediately comes to mind : the DNA.

The word Elohim, in the modern Christian Bibles, has been translated with the word "God". But it is a wrong translation, because the Elohim is a plural term, that indicates a group of flesh and bones individuals, powerful but not omnipotent, and certainly not spiritual nor transcendent.

What is written in the original Hebrew text of the Old Testament has a stunning similarity with what is written in the Sumerian tablets, which are dating to more than 4000 years ago. Basically the the original Masoretic text of the Old Testament and the ancient Sumerian tablets are telling the same events. The Sumerian tablets are even more detailed.

B. Moreover, the often overlooked transition between the 24 chromosome pairs of apes and monkeys (and the Neanderthal Man) to the 23 chromosome pairs of Homo Sapiens suggests that a highly sophisticated genetic engineering intervention took place at a certain point in time. There is no way that this transition from 24 to 23 chromosome pairs could happen spontaneously.

All these factors : the Mitochondrial DNA, the 24 to 23 chromosome pairs transition, the inexistent link between apes and homo sapiens, and the writings on the Sumerian tablets fully confirm the narration of the Bible about the "Origin of Man" - and the Bible does not tell of a "Creationist" version about the Origin of Man - at all.

What Mr. Biglino has found about the Origin of Man puts in crisis both the "Creationist" hypothesis upheld by Christians, and the Darwinist-Evolutionist Theory. In his books Mr. Biglino suggests that a "third way" - an "Intervention Theory" - should be seriously taken into consideration to explain the Origin of Man.

- "God" is Omnipotent - having unlimited power

- "God" is Omniscient - having infinite knowledge

- "God" is Omnipresent - being present everywhere

- "God" is Omnibenevolent - being perfect goodness

- "God" is Eternal - he lives forever

- "God" is a Spiritual, Transcendent Being

In his thorough analysis of the ancient Hebrew Masoretic text, Mr. Biglino has found that nowhere in the Bible it is spoken about any Omnipotent, Omniscient and Eternal God. The Bible speaks of a group of flesh and bones individuals, called the Elohim. The word Elohim was translated as "God" both in the Catholic Bible, both in the King James version. It is a wrong translation.

The Elohim were flesh and bones individuals which is written with absolute clarity in the original Hebrew Masoretic text of the Bible. The meaning of Elohim is "The Shining Ones", "The Elevated Ones" or "The Powerful Ones". The Elohim were certainly powerful but not omnipotent, they had advanced scientific knowledge and technology but they were not omniscient, they had an extended lifespan compared to humans but they were not Immortal, neither eternal. If "God" is considered as a Spiritual, Transcendent, Omnipotent, Omniscient, Omnibenevolent, Eternal and Immortal Being, there is no trace of any such being within the original Masoretic text of the Bible.

Mr. Biglino's findings reveal that Yahweh was simply one of this group of flesh and bones individuals called the Elohim. In the Old Testament emerges clearly that Yahweh was himself a flesh and bones individual. And Yahweh was not even one of the most powerful Elohim. On the opposite, he was one of the less important and less powerful of the Elohim.

Yahweh was given poor land, and people to rule which even were not there at the time : he had to gather and to instruct them how to fight enemies and to conquer lands. At the time of Moses (around 1400 BCE) even the language of that people - the Hebrew language - did not exist : Hebrew as a language was formed four centuries later, at the time of King David.

In Deuteronomy (32:8) it is written that Elyon - who is the Highest, the leader of the Elohim - decided the allotment of the lands among the Elohim. Elyon assigned to Yahweh people that were (Deut. 32:9-10) : "in a desert land, and in the howling waste of a wilderness". Yahweh was assigned unimportant people, which were scattered in a desert land, in a territory devoid of any value or interest.

The Bible tells (Genesis 10:25) that the division of the lands among the Elohim happened at the time of Peleg, who was the son of Eber, Sem’s great grandson. While it is not easy to give a precise date, we could infer an approximate date between 3000 - 2500 BCE. From history we know that at that time there were well developed civilizations, such as the Egyptians, the Sumerians and the ancient Indians. Yahweh was not assigned those people, those well developed civilizations and a fertile land, he was assigned a desert and barren land and a scattered, unimportant people. This is clear evidence that Yahweh was one of the less important and less powerful of the Elohim.

Even "God" dies ! In the original Hebrew Masoretic text of the Bible it is written in clear words that even the Elohim die. (Psalm 82, 83).

The term “Angel” comes from the Greek word “Aggelos” which means “Messenger, Herald”. In itself, the Greek term “Aggelos” originally did not have any spiritual meaning. Theologians and Church Fathers claim that the “Angels” are spiritual beings with no material body, who take visible appearance only when needed, they have the role of intermediaries between God and humans. Theologians wrote that “God” gives to the “Angels” the duty of punishing or helping humans.

In the original text of the Bible, the Malakhim - translated as “Angels” - are clearly described as flesh and bones individuals, as are the Elohim: in the Bible it is written that the Malakhim eat, drink, they get tired, they sweat, they get dirty and they even need to wash themselves.

This is written in clear words in the passage of Abraham meeting two Malakhim and Yahweh [Genesis 18], in the meeting of the same two Malakhim with Lot in Sodom, right before its destruction [Genesis 19], in the Book of Tobit, in the Book of Zechariah, and in many more Biblical passages.

The meaning of the word Malakhim is “The Guardians”, “The Watchers”, “The Messengers” - of the orders of the Elohim. The Malakhim of the Bible have a strong correlation with the Igigi of the ancient Sumerian tablets. They had the same function : also the Igigi were “The Guardians”, “The Watchers”, “The Messengers”.

Why did the Bible translators distort the text and invented from scratch inexistent spiritual attributes to the Malakhim? Why did they delete or twisted the concrete, physical attributes of the Malakhim, so clearly described in the original Biblical text? Did the Bible translators and Theologians have the need to portray the “Angels” as coherent with the vision of a monotheistic spiritual and transcendent “God”? As they did with the physical, flesh and bones Elohim?

The Ten Commandments of the Covenant between Yahweh and the People of Israel have nothing to do with anything spiritual or anything moral or ethic: they were rules to mantain social order and sanitary measures. The Ten Commandments were aimed to keep the Israelite people under the thumb of the jealous and ruthless ruler called Yahweh.

The Covenant between Yahweh and the People of Israel had very practical bases. It was a contract establishing the rules between two parties, one of which was the strong one - the Yahweh’s side - and the other was the weak one - the People of Israel side. Yahweh did not want to create a religion.

The founders of Christianity have deliberately distorted and twisted the real meaning of the real Ten Commandments. The founders of Christianity have concealed the purpose of Yahweh, replacing it with their own purpose, which was to create a religion.

In the whole path of the research on the original Masoretic text of the Bible, a constant factor emerged. And this constant factor is concreteness. There is concreteness in the Book of Genesis, in the Exodus, in the Book of Numbers, in the Deuteronomy, in the Book of Zechariah.

Wherever we have looked, and examined the original text in depth and with accuracy, we have found concreteness. The Elohim and Yahweh are flesh and bones individuals, the Angels - the Malakhim - are flesh and bones individuals, the "Blessing" has a concrete and very material meaning, even the kevod - translated in modern Christian Bibles as "The Glory of God" - is a very concrete and material device routinely used by Yahweh.

We have not found any trace of anything "spiritual" in the Bible. It appears evident that all the spiritual meanings we read in today’s Old Testament are just a theological construction, inserted on purpose, distorting the meaning of the original Biblical text. There is no "God" in the Bible.

The Hebrew Masoretic text is the version of the Old Testament of Bible officially recognized as the original Hebrew text by the Roman Catholic Church, by the Protestant Churches and for the Torah of the Jewish Religion. The Masoretic text was written between 600 AD and 900 AD by the Masorets, who were the "Guardians of the Tradition" (masorah). The ancient Hebrew language had just consonants and no vowels. The Masoretes integrated in the Biblical text the vowels and the punctuation marks, they defined the spelling and the pronunciation. The Masoretes organized the text in books, sections, paragraphs, verses and intervened on the texts to definitively establish the canon. The Masoretes took care of textual adjustments in order to prevent misinterpretations.

The Leningrad Codex is the oldest known manuscript of the Hebrew Masoretic text of the Bible. It is dated around 1008 AD and is based upon the Ben Asher tradition, of the Tiberian Masorets school.

The Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia is the oldest printed edition of the Leningrad Codex, based on the Masoretic text. It was published by Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft (German Bible Society) of Stuttgart.

The Bible published by "The British and Foreign Bible Society" of London - the Letteris Bible - corresponds to the Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia.

Analysing the original Hebrew Masoretic text of the well known verses of Genesis (1:26), we shall discover that they tell something quite different from what is traditionally thought, something totally different from what Christian religions have been upholding for 1700 years. Genesis (1:26) :

Elohim is the Semitic plural term that was used to identify "The Lords from Above". The meaning of Elohim is "The Shining Ones", "The Elevated Ones", "The Powerful Ones". The author of Genesis wants to tell us that the Elohim made man by using their "tselem".

Tselem means "something material which contains the image, and which has been cut out from". The term tselem denotes not only "something" concrete and material, but it contains, in the original meaning of the Semitic root, also the concept of "being cut off from". The Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon, dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and Aramaic, under the term "tselem" writes the following definition : "something cut off". The verbal root is translated as "cut off".

The issue of the plural term Elohim cannot be dismissed easily. Even several early Bible commentators and interpreters knew quite well that the issue of the plural term Elohim could not be underestimated, and they tried to provide an explanation : the Syriacs assumed it was a meeting of the "lofty assemblies", other commentators were maintaining that "God talks with the Angels". Basil of Caesarea said : "how can he talk like that, if no one is working with him?".

Much has been written about these not easily definable beings. The only certainty is that the term "Angel" comes from the Greek word "Aggelos" which means "Messenger, Herald". The traditional religious literature, in the Holy Books, describe the angels as intelligent beings, superior to men and subordinate to God, often called "Sons of God" or "Dwellers of the Heavens".

We find beings equivalent to the "Angels" also in civilizations thousands of years prior to the events narrated in the Bible. In fact, in the Sumerian Tablets we read about the Igigi. The Igigi were the subordinated to the Anunnaki. Their task was to be The Guardians , The Watchers, The Messengers.

In the Bible the "Angels" are already present at the beginning of human life and make their appearance as the Guardians of Eden after the expulsion of the first humans (Genesis 3:24). They are also present, again as messengers of the Elohim, in many events of the history of the people of Israel : they are involved in helping Hagar, Abraham’s servant (Genesis 16:9), they introduce themselves to Abraham (Genesis 18:2) and to his nephew Lot (Genesis 19:1) and an angel precedes the people of Israel during the pilgrimage in the desert (Exodus 23:23).

In all these tales, however, the "Angels" (Malakhim) are described as flesh and bones beings, very "human" in the way they manifest and behave with the person to whom they have been sent with a specific task. It is plain clear the parallel between the "Angels" (Malakhim) of the Bible and the Igigi of the Sumerian Tablets :

- They have the same role : in the Bible, the Malakhim are the Guardians, the Watchers and the Messengers of the orders of the Elohim. In the Sumerian Tablets, the Igigi are the Guardians, the Watchers, the Messengers of the orders of the Anunnaki.

- In both cases the are flesh and bones individuals.

Are the Malakhim of the Bible and the Igigi of the Sumerian Tablets the same figures?

The manipulation began in the so-called "post-exile" period, after the Israelites were deported by Nebuchadnezzar II in 587 BCE, and the following permanence of the Israelites in the territory of Babylon, with the resulting cultural contaminations. We have already said that the names in Greek and Hebrew (Agghelos and Malakh) define the function and not the essence of the "Angels". In our view this has a very simple and straightforward explanation : the authors of the Bible did not feel the need to analyse their nature, because it was blatant and obvious to everyone : the "Angels" were very similar to humans, and thus did not require any sort of speculation.

We shall examine a story in which the Malakhim play an important role. Previously we said that the need to define the "Angels" as "spiritual beings" has led commentators to state that when the "Angels" eat and move, they do so "only apparently". Let us analyse Chapter 18 of Genesis and determine if the alleged "appearance", along with other very unusual behaviours, can be attributed to "pure spirits". The time period is around 1900 BCE.

We have Abraham who is resting under the shade of his tent in the hottest hours of the day. He sees three individuals in front of him and runs to meet them : a very detailed description of a quite normal situation in that context. The narration continues, saying that when Abraham recognizes the peculiar nature of these individuals, he bows down to the ground, calling them "My Lord" (Adoni) and asking them to stop over. First, it is hard to imagine that anyone could tell a spiritual "vision" to stop before proceeding (18:3). But there is more.

Abraham tells the Malakhim he will bring some water to wash their feet, and invites them to lie down in the shade of the trees : clearly, these "divine" messengers must have appeared dirty, dusty and hot; they must have had, indeed, the aspect of flesh and bones individuals, who are walking in an almost desert area during the hottest hours of the day. Abraham knows that, after resting, one needs to eat, so he offers to the Malakhim some bread, that they can eat before continuing their journey. What do these "spiritual beings" reply to an offer so obvious if made by human beings, but certainly absurd for immaterial entities? Let us see (18:5) :

A thoroughly formulated affirmative reply. Oddly, these "spiritual beings" appreciated the opportunity to refresh their feet and to eat before continuing their journey : the Malakhim were in fact going to Sodom, where we shall meet them again. The Malakhim were more than one, and this is evident since at some point the group splits up : the leader of the group remains to talk with Abraham, while the other two Malakhim continue to their next destination. As we shall learn later, in (18:22), the leader of the group who remains with Abraham is Yahweh himself.

After receiving the approval of the Malakhim, Abraham orders his servant to prepare much more food than what he had initially offered : he tells the servant to prepare fresh bread, to cook a veal, to serve a drink of sour and fresh milk, and lays all the food in front of the Malakhim. It is definitely a very long break, considering the preparation time : a break which was necessary to restore tired and hungry bodies. In fact, the narrator states - with an attitude typical of modern journalism that describes an event in detail - that (18:8) "he stood by them, underneath the tree".

The scene recalls the typical nomadism of the region : when important guests arrive, they are offered all comforts and conveniences, so the guests may eat their meal taking their time, as their prominent position requires. The whole situation, the accurately detailed description, the timing of the events, and particularly the fact that many of them are happening at the same time (while some things take place, some other things occur), are evidence of a very concrete, real and material event, including the telling of the Malakhim eating the lunch that was prepared for them. Something very difficult to conceive for angelic, immaterial and spiritual beings.

After having eaten and taken rest, two of the Malakhim continue their journey, while the "leader" - Yahweh - stops to talk with Abraham about the fate of Sodom and Gomorrah. We have a remarkable accuracy in the narration of the events. It is evening and Lot, the nephew of Abraham, is sitting near the city gate. Lot sees the two individuals, he recognizes them as belonging to the rank of the Malakhim, he runs to meet them and bows down at their feet.

Thus, we have further confirmation that they are not spiritual beings, but individuals who walk, take time to get from one place to another, who are seen as they arrive from far and who sees them, runs to meet them as a sign of honour and respect. As must be acknowledged, this is in complete contrast with the tradition of sudden and astounding apparitions. What we read here is an absolutely normal way of approaching two people who are walking quietly in a late and warm evening. Lot offers to host them, giving them the possibility to wash their feet and to spend the night in his home (19:2).

The two Malakhim, however, decide to do otherwise and tell to Lot : "We will spend the night in the open". Lot insists and the Malakhim accept to go with him. They enter his house, and eat some unleavened baked bread (19.3). This is a really strange behaviour of these "spiritual beings" who discuss, who eat the evening meal (and they had already ate lunch with Abraham), who consider different options, then they make a choice and finally decide where to spend the night.

The story continues : as the Malakhim prepare to go to sleep, a frenzy crowd encircles Lot’s home and calls for the two guests and demands that Lot hand them over in order to abuse them. (can you even think to abuse pure spirits?) Lot obviously refuses and offers in return his two still virgin daughters... But the people of Sodom do not listen to reason and try to break down the door to get hold of them. The two unfortunate Malakhim realize the risky situation, they take Lot, drag him into the house and get rid of the attackers, who were near the door, with a very strange action (19:11) :

And they struck "young and old", that is, everyone. With some device that is not described in detail, the two Malakhim dazzle the crowd that, unable to see, is forced to give up trying to break through the door. The two Malakhim then urge Lot to take his family away from the city, because they are about to destroy Sodom.

The following day, at dawn, the two Malakhim invite once more Lot to flee with his family, because they can no longer wait, the devastation is imminent. The two Malakhim (Messengers of the Elohim) know that time is running out. The decision has been taken and must be accomplished with no more delay (Gen 18:22-32). The leader of the group, who was Yahweh himself, had remained at Abraham’s dwelling to explain to him the reasons why he has decided to destroy Sodom and Gomorrah.

Then the events everyone knows follow : the flee of Lot and his family, the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah with "burning sulfur by-with Yahweh from the heavens" (19:24), Lot’s wife becoming a pillar of salt after having violated the order not to stop and look back.

This is the real story of those events that the official religion interprets as involving "spiritual beings". So many inconsistencies, so many difficulties, so many small daily actions supposedly meaningless to beings without a body. Actually, these "Angels" walk, get tired and need rest, get dusty and are glad to wash themselves, eat even twice a day, decide where to spend the night. And they defend themselves against an aggression by using apparently "technological" means. These Angels/Malakhim are individuals whose difference from men is evident, they are more powerful, but not omnipotent, they are often vulnerable, attackable and subject to the normal daily physiological needs.

The "Glory of God" is a concept not easy to understand : it has several meanings related to each other, but interdependent, too. The Hebrew term is readable either as kevod/kebod or as kavod/kabod. It derives from a verb indicating the concepts of "to be heavy, to have weight, to be honoured, to be hard".

The adjective kabed identifies what is "heavy, grievous, difficult, important, honoured", but also "insensitive" (hard-hearted). The Greeks have translated this term with the word "doxa", which in turn has been translated in modern languages with "Glory".

The translation of this term has always been influenced by a vision of the deity that does not correspond to the description of the Elohim in the Bible : the Elohim were in fact everything but spiritual beings. The fanciful theological elaboration has totally twisted the original meaning of the term to the point of making it the representation of a divine immanence and put it in parallel with the concept of "sanctity".

This is the motive of the translation with the term "Glory" of a term which has a completely different meaning. This change in meaning is due to the need felt by theologians to find a way to reconcile the term kevod with the idea of God that they have artificially elaborated. The meanings of "weight" and "honour" had been interpreted as attributes of a God seen as a spiritual and transcendent entity capable of becoming immanent when he chooses to reveal his presence to the faithful people.

Let’s look at the passages of the Bible which tell us about this "Glory" - and the way this "Glory" manifests to men – according to the representation of the Elohim as they are described in the Bible : flesh and bones individuals, material engineers of the human species, with which they kept on having a daily relationship. Of course, if this hypothesis is valid, as we think, there was not an equal relationship between the two species. Even if man was created "after the likeness" of the Elohim and "with that material thing that contained their image", we must remember that the Elohim were individuals whose power and importance were way superior to men (the Adam).

The balance of power was regulated by a pact of coexistence in which one of the parties had, undoubtedly, the upper hand. Therefore, the Elohim had "weight" and their weight was duly recognized and honoured : man, in his weakness, could not do otherwise.

The story of the meetings and talks between Moses and Yahweh continues with the narration of Moses’ doubts : this "God" did not give sufficient guarantees, nor certainties. Moses asks Yahweh to lead the people on the way to the Promised Land and stresses, however, that everyone need to see very clearly that the Elohim is with them, otherwise there is no distinction between the Israelite people and the others. The "divine" presence must be clearly visible.

The Elohim understands the situation, he agrees and promises that he will do what Moses demands. But this is not enough for Moses, he wants to see factually - he wants to touch with his own hands, we would say - and so he asks to Yahweh (Exodus 33:18) :

Moses wants proof and asks Yahweh to show him the device of his physical presence. Moses needs some guarantees, he wants to talk to the people of Israel advisedly : if he has to convince them to follow this Elohim, and not others, he has to be sure of what he does. Yahweh understands this need and agrees to comply with Moses’ request, but warns him that what it is about to occur is extremely dangerous : it can also cause his death.

The Elohim cannot control his manifestation, he cannot filter it, he can only give some indication on how to mitigate the effects of his "Glory", reduce the consequences, but he is unable to avoid them : this "Glory" always acts with its full deadly power.

Kevod/kabod is usually translated as "Glory", which is a very abstract concept, a kind of theological category not easily definable. It becomes difficult to understand why the Elohim prepares the event of his "manifestation" by giving Moses a series of operational guidelines clearly aimed at safeguarding him physically.

In fact, this is exactly what happens : the Elohim feels compelled to give Moses some practical instructions, and urges him to adopt precise precautions. The Elohim tells Moses he cannot "look in front" of it (stay in front?) because he would die, and he adds an advice, a practical hint (Ex 33:21) :

Therefore we ask :

- What might be this “glory”, that could only be seen from the rear but not in front?

- What was passing before Moses which was so dangerous to require a special protection?

- And how could the Elohim protect Moses with the palm of his hand while it was passing by?

All the various versions of the Bible report this meaning that the tradition has accepted, but this passive acceptance brings forth the difficulty highlighted by these questions. It is hard to find a plausible explanation for assuming that the "Glory of God" was something transcendent.